{"id":28499,"date":"2026-07-27T21:11:26","date_gmt":"2026-07-27T19:11:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.elcol-legi.org\/w\/quien-pagara-los-danos-del-gran-apagon\/"},"modified":"2026-07-27T21:11:57","modified_gmt":"2026-07-27T19:11:57","slug":"quien-pagara-los-danos-del-gran-apagon","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.elcol-legi.org\/w\/es\/quien-pagara-los-danos-del-gran-apagon\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00bfQui\u00e9n pagar\u00e1 los da\u00f1os del gran apag\u00f3n?"},"content":{"rendered":"

[vc_row][vc_column width=”3\/4″][vc_column_text css=””]<\/p>\n

El sector energ\u00e9tico y el asegurador reclaman una respuesta p\u00fablica ante el riesgo de los grandes apagones<\/h1>\n

[\/vc_column_text][stm_spacing lg_spacing=”6″ md_spacing=”6″ sm_spacing=”6″ xs_spacing=”6″][vc_column_text css=””]30\/07\/26<\/em>[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=””]Las compa\u00f1\u00edas consideran que un fallo el\u00e9ctrico de alcance nacional es un riesgo sist\u00e9mico que el mercado privado no puede asumir en solitario<\/em>[\/vc_column_text][vc_single_image source=”featured_image” img_size=”850×350″][vc_column_text css=”.vc_custom_1785178765143{margin-bottom: 20px !important;}”]<\/p>\n

La gran apagada del 28 d’abril de 2025 ha obert un debat que va molt m\u00e9s enll\u00e0 de la investigaci\u00f3 sobre les seves causes. Quan \u00e9s a punt de complir-se un any del zero el\u00e8ctric que va deixar sense subministrament bona part de la pen\u00ednsula Ib\u00e8rica, els sectors energ\u00e8tic i assegurador coincideixen que una apagada d’abast nacional planteja un problema que dif\u00edcilment es pot resoldre \u00fanicament a trav\u00e9s del mercat privat.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

El debat apunta directament al Consorci de Compensaci\u00f3 d’Assegurances. El sector assegurador considera que els grans apagons poden convertir-se en un risc sist\u00e8mic i reclama analitzar si l’actual model de col\u00b7laboraci\u00f3 publicoprivada s’ha d’adaptar per donar resposta a aquest tipus d’escenaris.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

La q\u00fcesti\u00f3 no \u00e9s menor. Segons estimacions de la CEOE, l’apagada de 2025 va generar p\u00e8rdues properes als 1.600 milions d’euros. I, tot i que la interrupci\u00f3 del subministrament es va prolongar aproximadament durant dotze hores, l’impacte econ\u00f2mic va ser molt desigual i va afectar especialment les activitats que depenen de la continu\u00eftat del subministrament el\u00e8ctric i de la cadena de fred.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Un risc impossible de diversificar<\/b><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

El director executiu de Munich Re a Espanya, Tim Jehnichen, considera que una apagada d’aquesta magnitud encaixa en la categoria de \u00abrisc sist\u00e8mic\u00bb. L’asseguran\u00e7a tradicional, explica, est\u00e0 dissenyada per fer front a esdeveniments aleatoris i localitzats. En canvi, una fallada el\u00e8ctrica generalitzada provoca una acumulaci\u00f3 simult\u00e0nia de danys en nombrosos sectors i territoris.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

El problema \u00e9s, precisament, la impossibilitat de diversificar el risc. Quan un mateix esdeveniment afecta alhora milions de persones i milers d’empreses, el model assegurador es troba davant una concentraci\u00f3 de sinistres que dificulta que el mercat privat pugui absorbir-ne el cost.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Des d’aquesta perspectiva, el sector defensa que una gran apagada podria constituir un \u00e0mbit natural d’actuaci\u00f3 del Consorci de Compensaci\u00f3 d’Assegurances. No obstant aix\u00f2, la mateixa ind\u00fastria reconeix que caldria dissenyar un marc normatiu espec\u00edfic i diferent dels models actuals.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

El Consorci, al centre del debat<\/b><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Actualment, el Consorci indemnitza els danys provocats pels riscos extraordinaris definits legalment, sempre que existeixi una asseguran\u00e7a vigent sobre els b\u00e9ns o les persones afectades. El seu \u00e0mbit d’actuaci\u00f3 inclou determinats fen\u00f2mens naturals i fets de car\u00e0cter pol\u00edtic o social, per\u00f2 una apagada generalitzada no figura com a risc extraordinari espec\u00edfic. De fet, despr\u00e9s de l’apagada de l’abril de 2025, la cobertura dels danys va quedar condicionada a les garanties de cada p\u00f2lissa i a l’eventual responsabilitat de les companyies el\u00e8ctriques.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

La reclamaci\u00f3 del sector planteja, per tant, una q\u00fcesti\u00f3 de fons: hauria d’adaptar Espanya el seu sistema de protecci\u00f3 davant de grans fallades sist\u00e8miques de la xarxa el\u00e8ctrica?<\/b><\/b><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

La pregunta arriba en un moment en qu\u00e8 les asseguradores tamb\u00e9 afronten una onada de reclamacions i accions de recobrament relacionades amb l’apagada. Occident, per exemple, prepara una reclamaci\u00f3 judicial per les indemnitzacions abonades a prop d’11.000 clients afectats pel zero el\u00e8ctric. Paral\u00b7lelament, grans empreses industrials tamb\u00e9 han anunciat reclamacions per p\u00e8rdues milion\u00e0ries.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

La transici\u00f3 energ\u00e8tica afegeix complexitat<\/b><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

El debat assegurador es produeix, a m\u00e9s, en ple proc\u00e9s de transformaci\u00f3 del sistema energ\u00e8tic. El creixement de les energies renovables, la interdepend\u00e8ncia de les xarxes i la necessitat d’integrar noves fonts de generaci\u00f3 estan modificant el mapa de riscos.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Experts consultats per EFE apunten a una possible desalineaci\u00f3 entre el creixement de la capacitat renovable i la inversi\u00f3 en xarxes i sistemes d’emmagatzematge. El repte ja no consisteix nom\u00e9s a avan\u00e7ar en la descarbonitzaci\u00f3, sin\u00f3 tamb\u00e9 a garantir un sistema energ\u00e8tic prou robust i flexible per absorbir pertorbacions extremes.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Aquesta transformaci\u00f3 tamb\u00e9 t\u00e9 implicacions per al sector assegurador. Les companyies estan revisant les condicions de cobertura de determinats riscos. En sectors com l’alimentaci\u00f3, per exemple, les asseguradores exigeixen en alguns casos per\u00edodes de car\u00e8ncia de fins a 72 hores per cobrir els b\u00e9ns refrigerats, fet que obliga moltes ind\u00fastries a refor\u00e7ar els seus sistemes de suport i a disposar de grups electr\u00f2gens.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

De tenir un pla a posar-lo a prova<\/b><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

La gran apagada tamb\u00e9 ha posat de manifest la necessitat que les empreses revisin els seus plans de continu\u00eftat de negoci. El sector assegurador adverteix que no n’hi ha prou amb disposar d’un document de conting\u00e8ncia.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

El veritable repte \u00e9s provar aquests plans i comprovar que poden funcionar en un escenari real d’interrupci\u00f3 prolongada del subministrament el\u00e8ctric. El nivell de preparaci\u00f3 de les empreses \u00e9s molt desigual i, en molts casos, encara existeix una dist\u00e0ncia considerable entre identificar un risc i estar realment preparat per afrontar-lo.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Per al sector assegurador, el debat sobre els grans apagons planteja una reflexi\u00f3 de fons. El sistema energ\u00e8tic est\u00e0 canviant i, amb ell, apareixen riscos que no encaixen f\u00e0cilment en les categories tradicionals de l’assegurament.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

La q\u00fcesti\u00f3 que continua oberta \u00e9s si el mercat privat ser\u00e0 capa\u00e7 de respondre per si sol a aquests nous escenaris o si, com ja succeeix amb determinats riscos extraordinaris, caldr\u00e0 refor\u00e7ar els mecanismes de col\u00b7laboraci\u00f3 publicoprivada.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

La gran apagada de 2025 ha servit d’av\u00eds. La pr\u00f2xima gran crisi sist\u00e8mica podria tenir un cost molt superior.<\/p>\n

[\/vc_column_text][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner width=”1\/6″][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=”1\/6″][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=”1\/6″][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=”1\/6″][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][vc_column width=”1\/4″][stm_spacing lg_spacing=”50″ md_spacing=”50″ sm_spacing=”50″ xs_spacing=”50″][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n

\u00daltimas noticias<\/h2>\n

[\/vc_column_text][stm_news loop=”size:4|order_by:date|order:DESC|post_type:post|categories:8″ posts_per_row=”2″][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

[vc_row][vc_column width=”3\/4″][vc_column_text css=””] El sector energ\u00e9tico y el asegurador reclaman una respuesta p\u00fablica ante el riesgo de los grandes apagones [\/vc_column_text][stm_spacing lg_spacing=”6″ md_spacing=”6″ sm_spacing=”6″ xs_spacing=”6″][vc_column_text css=””]30\/07\/26[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=””]Las compa\u00f1\u00edas consideran que un fallo el\u00e9ctrico de alcance nacional es un riesgo sist\u00e9mico que el mercado privado no puede asumir en solitario[\/vc_column_text][vc_single_image source=”featured_image” img_size=”850×350″][vc_column_text css=”.vc_custom_1785178765143{margin-bottom: 20px !important;}”] La<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":562,"featured_media":28497,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[2207],"class_list":["post-28499","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-es-noticias","tag-mn-303"],"yoast_head":"\n\u00bfQui\u00e9n pagar\u00e1 los da\u00f1os del gran apag\u00f3n? 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